*The purple type denotes events that do not directly deal
with intermarried Jews or Mischlinge. I wanted to include them because they are
events so central to Nazi Germany’s chronology that they affect all aspects of
the Third Reich, including intermarried couples and Mischlinge.
1933
April: The Law
for the Restoration of the Civil Service bans Jews from any civil service
positions
June:
The Law for the Restoration of
the Civil Service is extended to spouses of Jews, forcing intermarried
civil servants to resign from their post
Marriage Loan Program
begins; this program offers loans to women stopping work because of marriage
and decreases repayment interest by one-fourth per child born into the marriage
October: A federal law requires all editors of
German newspapers and their spouses to be Aryan
November: Doctors and dentists married to Jews are
prevented from receiving health insurance
1935
July: The Interior Ministry orders all
local registrars to defer any requests for intermarriages
September: All sexual relations between Germans and Jews
are prohibited
15th—The
Nuremberg Laws go into effect
1936
October: Intermarried German public servants are banned from receiving
promotions
1937
January: All intermarried civil servants are forced
to resign with the passage of the German Civil Service Law
June: Hitler
begins slowly applying pressure to Mischlinge to
resign from civil service jobs
1938
July: The National Marriage Law is
passed; the Gestapo begins directly pressuring intermarried
couples to divorce through required "consultations" and other
intimidations (see the story of Elsa Holzer)
August: 24th—All registered Jews must
legally change their middle names to “Sara” (for females) or “Israel” (for
males)
November: 9th—Kristallnacht
(The Night of Broken Glass)
A photo of shop
damage after Kristallnacht (6)
11th—Drivers’ licenses are taken from Jews
1939
April: The Law of Rental Relations is
passed; this law forces all Jews and intermarried Germans to move into Judenhaus and strips Jews of 300,000 Berlin
apartments
1940
February: 11th—The
first German Jews are deported to the East
April: 8th—All German men married
to Jews are expelled from the military
July: 4th—All Jews and simple intermarried couples may only shop from
4 to 5 PM
1941
October: All "friendly relations" between
Germans and Jews are prohibited
1942
March: All Jewish
households are required to post the Star of David outside houses
May: All pets of Jewish households ordered to be killed
October: 27th—Berlin officials meet to decide how to
proceed with the intermarried Jews and Mischlinge (5) question; it is decided to
deport full intermarried Jews as well as Geltungsjuden
1943
January: All intermarried couples are required to
register with the Jewish Community Organization in lists that are passed on to
the Gestapo
February: Battle of Stalingrad; the Wermacht army suffers a huge defeat
27th
through March 6th—The Rosenstrasse
Protest rocks Berlin;
culminates in the release of 1,700 intermarried Jews and Mischlinge
May: 21st—Ernst Kaltenbrunner
issues a memorandum ordering all intermarried Jews to be released from
concentration camps unless they have a criminal charge against them
1944
October: Intermarried women required to report to
forced-labor task forces
Here is a general timeline highlighting major events of the Third Reich and World War II. (8)
