Saint-Sernin, Toulouse: Saint-Sernin was a major pilgrimage church possessing the relics of Saint Saturnis as well as many others. It was also on the road to Santiago. Multiple aisles at two levels permitted an orderly flow of pilgrims to visit relics displayed in the chapels. The increase in number of chapels (off the transept arms and off the ambulatory) responded to the need to display relics to the pilgrims and to provide a way to direct traffic around the church without disturbing the services that would have been taking place in the sanctuary. A coro, clôture, or choir screen separated the choir stalls of the monks from the ambulatory traffic. The vaulting was a response to the desire to provide better acoustics for the liturgy (sung and chanted) that was becoming increasingly complex and long. Stone vaults were also more fire proof than wooden roofs. Towers at the west accommodated bells that regulated the liturgical offices.

Amiens Cathedral: The expensive visual refinement of Amiens in terms of its proportions, decoration, detail carving (stringcourse, sculpture, capitals, elaborate triforium and clerestory tracery, pinnacles) demonstrated the prestige of the diocese in competition with other urban cathedrals such as Reims and Chartres. The enlarged choir was needed to accommodate the large number of canons attached to the cathedral (their choir stalls lined the straight bays of the choir) and indicate the tremendous wealth of the diocese (each canon possessed a prebend or yearly income usually paid for by rents and land holdings). It also demonstrated the high level of technically proficiency achieved in the craft of masonry during the thirteenth century. But more fundamentally, Gothic architecture was interested in light--great expanses of stained glass. This is related to the belief in light as a transcendental vehicle in religious devotion. The primary goal of the Gothic builder was to create a light-filled space (related to beliefs in Dionysian light metaphysics as discussed with Saint-Denis). The sophisticated structural engineering was a response to that need. (Necessity is the mother of invention). Thus Gothic builders used pointed arches, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaults as solutions to the problem of voiding the wall space in order to create taller and more luminous spaces


Rice University, Humanities Electronic Studio Project, HART 205
Last Updated by klm, 11/25/94